Սարգսյան, Լիլիթ Անդրեյի

Medicine

This work concerns the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in the Republic of Armenia, focusing on the distribution, transmission dynamics, and public health impact of this zoonotic infectious disease. The main objective of the study is to analyze the incidence patterns of brucellosis among human populations and identify the primary epidemiological risk factors contributing to its persistence in different regions of the country. It examines the role of infected livestock, particularly cattle, sheep, and goats, as the main reservoirs of Brucella species, as well as the pathways of transmission to humans through direct contact, consumption of unpasteurized dairy products, and occupational exposure. Special attention is given to the seasonal fluctuations of disease incidence, regional differences in morbidity rates, and the influence of socio-economic and agricultural practices on disease spread. The work also evaluates diagnostic approaches, including serological and bacteriological methods, and discusses the challenges of early detection and underreporting in rural communities. In addition, it reviews existing prevention and control strategies, such as veterinary surveillance, livestock vaccination programs, food safety measures, and public health education campaigns. The study further considers the burden of brucellosis on healthcare systems and its socio-economic consequences for affected populations. Thus, the research provides an important contribution to epidemiology and public health by offering a comprehensive assessment of brucellosis patterns in Armenia and supporting the development of more effective control and prevention policies.